ASP.NET Tutorial/ADO.net Database/SqlServer — различия между версиями
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Текущая версия на 14:56, 26 мая 2010
Содержание
- 1 Connect to SQL server with integrated Authentication or SQL Authentication
- 2 Execute delete command with SqlCommand against SqlServer
- 3 For example, the following connection string enables you to connect to a Server database named MyData:
- 4 Handle table relationship (C#)
- 5 Insert, update and delete (C#)
- 6 Read data from SQL server and fill asp:dropdownlist (C#)
- 7 You can connect to a Local database named MyLocalData.mdf by using the following connection string:
- 8 You use SQLCMD by opening a command prompt and connecting to your database with the following command:
Connect to SQL server with integrated Authentication or SQL Authentication
<source lang="csharp">
File: Default.aspx <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="ConnectionTester" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
</head> <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:RadioButton id="optSQL" runat="server" Text="Use SQL Authentication (with sa account)" GroupName="Authentication" ></asp:RadioButton>
<asp:RadioButton id="optWindows" runat="server" Text="Use Windows Integrated Authentication" GroupName="Authentication" Checked="True"></asp:RadioButton>
<asp:button id="cmdConnect" runat="server" Text="Connect" onclick="cmdConnect_Click"></asp:button>
<asp:label id="lblInfo" runat="server"></asp:label>
</form>
</body> </html> File: Default.aspx.cs using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Web.Configuration; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class ConnectionTester : System.Web.UI.Page {
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } protected void cmdConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string connectionString = "Data Source=localhost\\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=Pubs;"; if (optWindows.Checked) { connectionString += "Integrated Security=SSPI"; } else { connectionString += "User ID=sa"; } SqlConnection myConnection = new SqlConnection(connectionString); try { myConnection.Open(); lblInfo.Text = "Server Version: " + myConnection.ServerVersion; lblInfo.Text += "
Connection Is: " + myConnection.State.ToString(); } catch (Exception err) { lblInfo.Text = "Error reading the database. "; lblInfo.Text += err.Message; } finally { myConnection.Close(); lblInfo.Text += "
Now Connection Is: "; lblInfo.Text += myConnection.State.ToString(); } }
}</source>
Execute delete command with SqlCommand against SqlServer
<source lang="csharp">
<%@ Page Language="C#" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Data" %> <%@ import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %> <script runat="server">
void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string ConnectionString = ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["MSDEConnectString"]; SqlConnection myConnection = new SqlConnection(ConnectionString); try{ string CommandText = "DELETE FROM Publisher WHERE PublisherID = 6"; SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand(CommandText, myConnection); myConnection.Open(); lblRecords.Text = Convert.ToString(myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()); } catch (Exception ex){ throw(ex); } finally{ myConnection.Close(); } }
</script> <html> <head> </head> <body>
<form runat="server"> Records affected: <asp:Label id="lblRecords" runat="server"></asp:Label> </form>
</body> </html>
File: Web.config <configuration>
<appSettings> <add key="MSDEConnectString" value="server=(local)\YourDatabaseAddress;database=Books;uid=YourID;pwd=letmein;" /> </appSettings>
</configuration></source>
For example, the following connection string enables you to connect to a Server database named MyData:
<source lang="csharp">
Data Source=.\SQLExpress;Initial Catalog=MyData;Integrated Security=True</source>
Handle table relationship (C#)
<source lang="csharp">
File: Default.aspx <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="TableRelationships" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
</head> <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:Label ID="lblList" runat="server" EnableViewState="False"></asp:Label>
</form>
</body> </html> File: Default.aspx.cs using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Web.Configuration; public partial class TableRelationships : System.Web.UI.Page {
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!this.IsPostBack) { CreateList(); } } private string connectionString = WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Pubs"].ConnectionString;
private void CreateList() { string selectSQL = "SELECT au_lname, au_fname, au_id FROM Authors"; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(selectSQL, con); SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet dsPubs = new DataSet(); try { con.Open(); adapter.Fill(dsPubs, "Authors"); cmd.rumandText = "SELECT au_id, title_id FROM TitleAuthor"; adapter.Fill(dsPubs, "TitleAuthor"); cmd.rumandText = "SELECT title_id, title FROM Titles"; adapter.Fill(dsPubs, "Titles"); } catch (Exception err) { lblList.Text = "Error reading list of names. "; lblList.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } DataRelation Titles_TitleAuthor = new DataRelation("Titles_TitleAuthor",dsPubs.Tables["Titles"].Columns["title_id"],dsPubs.Tables["TitleAuthor"].Columns["title_id"]); DataRelation Authors_TitleAuthor = new DataRelation("Authors_TitleAuthor",dsPubs.Tables["Authors"].Columns["au_id"],dsPubs.Tables["TitleAuthor"].Columns["au_id"]); dsPubs.Relations.Add(Titles_TitleAuthor); dsPubs.Relations.Add(Authors_TitleAuthor); foreach (DataRow rowAuthor in dsPubs.Tables["Authors"].Rows) { lblList.Text += "
" + rowAuthor["au_fname"]; lblList.Text += " " + rowAuthor["au_lname"] + "
"; foreach (DataRow rowTitleAuthor in rowAuthor.GetChildRows(Authors_TitleAuthor)) { foreach (DataRow rowTitle in rowTitleAuthor.GetParentRows(Titles_TitleAuthor)) { lblList.Text += " "; lblList.Text += rowTitle["title"] + "
"; } } } }
} File: Web.config <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration>
<connectionStrings> <add name="Pubs" connectionString="Data Source=localhost\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=Pubs;Integrated Security=SSPI"/> </connectionStrings>
</configuration></source>
Insert, update and delete (C#)
<source lang="csharp">
File: Default.aspx <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="AuthorManager" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
</head> <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server">Select Author:</asp:Label> <asp:DropDownList id="lstAuthor" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True" onselectedindexchanged="lstAuthor_SelectedIndexChanged"></asp:DropDownList> <asp:Button id="cmdUpdate" runat="server" Text="Update" onclick="cmdUpdate_Click"></asp:Button> <asp:Button id="cmdDelete" runat="server" Text="Delete" onclick="cmdDelete_Click"></asp:Button>
<asp:Label id="Label11" runat="server" Width="99px" Height="19px">Or:</asp:Label> <asp:Button id="cmdNew" runat="server" Width="91px" Height="24px" Text="Create New" onclick="cmdNew_Click"></asp:Button> <asp:Button id="cmdInsert" runat="server" Width="85px" Height="24px" Text="Insert New" onclick="cmdInsert_Click"></asp:Button>
<asp:Label id="Label10" runat="server" Width="100px">Unique ID:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtID" runat="server" Width="184px"></asp:TextBox> (required: ###-##-#### form)
<asp:Label id="Label2" runat="server" Width="100px">First Name:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtFirstName" runat="server" Width="184px"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Label id="Label3" runat="server" Width="100px">Last Name:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtLastName" runat="server" Width="183px"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Label id="Label4" runat="server" Width="100px">Phone:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtPhone" runat="server" Width="183px"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Label id="Label5" runat="server" Width="100px">Address:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtAddress" runat="server" Width="183px"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Label id="Label6" runat="server" Width="100px">City:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtCity" runat="server" Width="184px"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Label id="Label7" runat="server" Width="100px">State:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtState" runat="server" Width="184px"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Label id="Label9" runat="server" Width="100px">Zip Code:</asp:Label> <asp:TextBox id="txtZip" runat="server" Width="184px"></asp:TextBox> (required: any five digits)
<asp:Label id="Label8" runat="server" Width="93px" Height="19px">Contract:</asp:Label> <asp:CheckBox id="chkContract" runat="server"></asp:CheckBox>
<asp:Label id="lblResults" runat="server" Width="575px" Height="121px" Font-Bold="True"></asp:Label>
</form>
</body> </html> File: Default.aspx.cs
using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Web.Configuration; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class AuthorManager : System.Web.UI.Page {
private string connectionString = WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Pubs"].ConnectionString;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!this.IsPostBack) { FillAuthorList(); } } private void FillAuthorList() { lstAuthor.Items.Clear(); string selectSQL = "SELECT au_lname, au_fname, au_id FROM Authors"; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(selectSQL, con); SqlDataReader reader; try { con.Open(); reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); while (reader.Read()) { ListItem newItem = new ListItem(); newItem.Text = reader["au_lname"] + ", " + reader["au_fname"]; newItem.Value = reader["au_id"].ToString(); lstAuthor.Items.Add(newItem); } reader.Close(); } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error reading list of names. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } } protected void lstAuthor_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { string selectSQL; selectSQL = "SELECT * FROM Authors "; selectSQL += "WHERE au_id="" + lstAuthor.SelectedItem.Value + """; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(selectSQL, con); SqlDataReader reader; try { con.Open(); reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); reader.Read(); txtID.Text = reader["au_id"].ToString(); txtFirstName.Text = reader["au_fname"].ToString(); txtLastName.Text = reader["au_lname"].ToString(); txtPhone.Text = reader["phone"].ToString(); txtAddress.Text = reader["address"].ToString(); txtCity.Text = reader["city"].ToString(); txtState.Text = reader["state"].ToString(); txtZip.Text = reader["zip"].ToString(); chkContract.Checked = (bool)reader["contract"]; reader.Close(); lblResults.Text = ""; } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error getting author. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } } protected void cmdNew_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { txtID.Text = ""; txtFirstName.Text = ""; txtLastName.Text = ""; txtPhone.Text = ""; txtAddress.Text = ""; txtCity.Text = ""; txtState.Text = ""; txtZip.Text = ""; chkContract.Checked = false; lblResults.Text = "Click Insert New to add the completed record.";
} protected void cmdInsert_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (txtID.Text == "" || txtFirstName.Text == "" || txtLastName.Text == "") { lblResults.Text = "Records require an ID, first name, and last name."; return; } string insertSQL; insertSQL = "INSERT INTO Authors ("; insertSQL += "au_id, au_fname, au_lname, "; insertSQL += "phone, address, city, state, zip, contract) "; insertSQL += "VALUES ("; insertSQL += "@au_id, @au_fname, @au_lname, "; insertSQL += "@phone, @address, @city, @state, @zip, @contract)"; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(insertSQL, con); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_id", txtID.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_fname", txtFirstName.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_Lname", txtLastName.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@phone", txtPhone.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@address", txtAddress.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@city", txtCity.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@state", txtState.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@zip", txtZip.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@contract", Convert.ToInt16(chkContract.Checked)); int added = 0; try { con.Open(); added = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); lblResults.Text = added.ToString() + " record inserted."; } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error inserting record. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } if (added > 0) { FillAuthorList(); } } protected void cmdUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string updateSQL; updateSQL = "UPDATE Authors SET "; updateSQL += "au_fname=@au_fname, au_lname=@au_lname, "; updateSQL += "phone=@phone, address=@address, city=@city, state=@state, "; updateSQL += "zip=@zip, contract=@contract "; updateSQL += "WHERE au_id=@au_id_original"; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(updateSQL, con); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_fname", txtFirstName.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_Lname", txtLastName.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@phone", txtPhone.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@address", txtAddress.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@city", txtCity.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@state", txtState.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@zip", txtZip.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@contract", Convert.ToInt16(chkContract.Checked)); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_id_original", lstAuthor.SelectedItem.Value); int updated = 0; try { con.Open(); updated = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); lblResults.Text = updated.ToString() + " record updated."; } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error updating author. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } if (updated > 0) { FillAuthorList(); } } protected void cmdDelete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string deleteSQL; deleteSQL = "DELETE FROM Authors "; deleteSQL += "WHERE au_id=@au_id"; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(deleteSQL, con); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@au_id ", lstAuthor.SelectedItem.Value); int deleted = 0; try { con.Open(); deleted = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); lblResults.Text = "Record deleted."; } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error deleting author. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } if (deleted > 0) { FillAuthorList(); } }
}
File: Web.config <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration>
<connectionStrings> <add name="Pubs" connectionString="Data Source=localhost\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=Pubs;Integrated Security=SSPI"/> </connectionStrings>
</configuration></source>
Read data from SQL server and fill asp:dropdownlist (C#)
<source lang="csharp">
File: Default.aspx <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="AuthorBrowser" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
</head> <body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<asp:label id="Label1" runat="server" Width="120px" Height="20px">Select Author:</asp:label> <asp:dropdownlist id="lstAuthor" runat="server" Width="256px" Height="22px" AutoPostBack="True" onselectedindexchanged="lstAuthor_SelectedIndexChanged"> </asp:dropdownlist>
<asp:label id="lblResults" runat="server" Width="384px" Height="168px"> </asp:label>
</form>
</body> </html> File: Default.aspx.cs using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Web.Configuration; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Text; public partial class AuthorBrowser : System.Web.UI.Page {
private string connectionString = WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Pubs"].ConnectionString;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!this.IsPostBack) { FillAuthorList(); } } private void FillAuthorList() { lstAuthor.Items.Clear(); string selectSQL = "SELECT au_lname, au_fname, au_id FROM Authors"; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(selectSQL, con); SqlDataReader reader; try { con.Open(); reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); while (reader.Read()) { ListItem newItem = new ListItem(); newItem.Text = reader["au_lname"] + ", " + reader["au_fname"]; newItem.Value = reader["au_id"].ToString(); lstAuthor.Items.Add(newItem); } reader.Close(); } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error reading list of names. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } } protected void lstAuthor_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { string selectSQL; selectSQL = "SELECT * FROM Authors "; selectSQL += "WHERE au_id="" + lstAuthor.SelectedItem.Value + """; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(connectionString); SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(selectSQL, con); SqlDataReader reader; try { con.Open(); reader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); reader.Read(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append(""); sb.Append(reader["au_lname"]); sb.Append(", "); sb.Append(reader["au_fname"]); sb.Append("
"); sb.Append("Phone: "); sb.Append(reader["phone"]); sb.Append("
"); sb.Append("Address: "); sb.Append(reader["address"]); sb.Append("
"); sb.Append("City: "); sb.Append(reader["city"]); sb.Append("
"); sb.Append("State: "); sb.Append(reader["state"]); sb.Append("
"); lblResults.Text = sb.ToString(); reader.Close(); } catch (Exception err) { lblResults.Text = "Error getting author. "; lblResults.Text += err.Message; } finally { con.Close(); } }
} File: Web.config <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration>
<connectionStrings> <add name="Pubs" connectionString="Data Source=localhost\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=Pubs;Integrated Security=SSPI"/> </connectionStrings>
</configuration></source>
You can connect to a Local database named MyLocalData.mdf by using the following connection string:
<source lang="csharp">
Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|MyLocalData.mdf; Integrated Security=True;User Instance=True</source>
You use SQLCMD by opening a command prompt and connecting to your database with the following command:
<source lang="csharp">
SQLCMD -S .\SQLExpress</source>